1.1 Background
Globally, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health problem. It has been estimated that about a quarter of the world’s population was infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) bacteria (1). In 2023, an estimated 10.8 million infected individuals went on to develop TB disease, while 8.2 million were diagnosed and reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2).
