positive

In MDR/RR-TB patients on longer regimens, a treatment duration of 15–17 months after culture
conversion is suggested for most patients; the duration may be modified according to the patient’s
response to therapy.

In MDR/RR-TB patients on longer regimens, a total treatment duration of 18–20 months is
suggested for most patients; the duration may be modified according to the patient’s response
to therapy.

Imipenem–cilastatin or meropenem may be included in the treatment of MDR/RR-TB patients
on longer regimens.

Pyrazinamide may be included in the treatment of MDR/RR-TB patients on longer regimens.

Delamanid may be included in the treatment of MDR/RR-TB patients aged 3 years or more on
longer regimens.

Ethambutol may be included in the treatment of MDR/RR-TB patients on longer regimens.

In patients with confirmed rifampicin-susceptible, isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis, treatment with rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide and levofloxacin is recommended for a duration of 6 months.

The panel recommends that evidence-based guidelines should be developed and
implemented for the purpose of reducing HAIs and AMR. The education and training of relevant
healthcare workers on the guideline recommendations and the monitoring of adherence with
guideline recommendations should be undertaken to achieve successful implementation.

Health care facility level:
The panel recommends that an IPC programme with a dedicated, trained team should be in
place in each acute healthcare facility for the purpose of preventing HAIs and combating AMR through IPC good practices.

Particulate respirators, within the framework
of a respiratory protection programme, are
recommended to reduce M. tuberculosis
transmission to health workers, persons
attending health care facilities or other persons
in settings with a high risk of transmission.