Delamanid may be included in the treatment of MDR/RR-TB patients aged 3 years or more on
longer regimens.

Ethambutol may be included in the treatment of MDR/RR-TB patients on longer regimens.

In patients with confirmed rifampicin-susceptible, isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis, treatment with rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide and levofloxacin is recommended for a duration of 6 months.

The panel recommends that evidence-based guidelines should be developed and
implemented for the purpose of reducing HAIs and AMR. The education and training of relevant
healthcare workers on the guideline recommendations and the monitoring of adherence with
guideline recommendations should be undertaken to achieve successful implementation.

Health care facility level:
The panel recommends that an IPC programme with a dedicated, trained team should be in
place in each acute healthcare facility for the purpose of preventing HAIs and combating AMR through IPC good practices.

Particulate respirators, within the framework
of a respiratory protection programme, are
recommended to reduce M. tuberculosis
transmission to health workers, persons
attending health care facilities or other persons
in settings with a high risk of transmission.

Ventilation systems (including natural, mixed-mode,
mechanical ventilation, and recirculated air through
high-efficiency particulate air [HEPA] filters) are
recommended to reduce M. tuberculosis transmission to
health workers, persons attending health care facilities or
other persons in settings with a high risk of transmission.

Upper-room germicidal ultraviolet (GUV)
systems are recommended to reduce
M. tuberculosis transmission to health
workers, persons attending health care
facilities or other persons in settings with a
high risk of transmission.

Respiratory hygiene (including cough etiquette)
in people with presumed or confirmed TB
is recommended to reduce M. tuberculosis
transmission to health workers, persons
attending health care facilities or other persons
in settings with a high risk of transmission.

Prompt initiation of effective treatment of
people with TB disease is recommended
to reduce M. tuberculosis transmission to
health workers, persons attending health care
settings or other persons in settings with a
high risk of transmission.