Adults and adolescents living with HIV who have an unknown or positive tuberculin skin test
(TST) status and are unlikely to have active TB should receive at least 6 months of IPT as part
of a comprehensive package of HIV care. IPT should be given to such individuals regardless of
the degree of immunosuppression and also to those on ART, those who have previously been
treated for TB and pregnant women.

Adults and adolescents living with HIV should be screened with a clinical algorithm; those who
do not report any one of the symptoms of current cough, fever, weight loss or night sweats
are unlikely to have active TB and should be offered IPT.

TB patients with known positive HIV status and TB patients living in HIV-prevalent settings
should receive at least 6 months of a rifampicin-containing treatment regimen. The
optimal dosing frequency is daily during the intensive and continuation phases.

LF-LAM should not be used as a screening test for active TB.

LF-LAM may be used to assist in the diagnosis of active TB in adult inpatients living with
HIV, with signs and symptoms of TB (pulmonary and/or extrapulmonary), who have a CD4
cell count less than or equal to 100 cells/mm3
or people living with HIV who are seriously
ill regardless of CD4 count or with unknown CD4 count.

Except as specifically described below for people with HIV infection with low CD4 counts or
who are seriously ill, urine lateral flow (LF)-LAM should not be used for the diagnosis of TB.

ART should be started in all TB patients living with HIV regardless of CD4 count.

Infants and children living with HIV who have poor weight gain, fever or current cough, or who
have a history of contact with a person with TB, should be evaluated for TB and other diseases
that cause such symptoms. If TB disease is excluded after an appropriate clinical evaluation or
according to national guidelines, these children should be offered TB preventive treatment,
regardless of their age.

Adults and adolescents living with HIV should be screened for TB according to a clinical
algorithm. Those who do not report any of the symptoms of current cough, fever, weight loss or
night sweats are unlikely to have active TB and should be offered preventive treatment, regardless
of their ART status.

All individuals with active TB should receive
(i) an assessment of their nutritional status
and (ii) appropriate counselling based on their
nutritional status at diagnosis and throughout
treatment.